Study on the optimization of community space and governance in typical units of Chengdu--Take xinguidong community as an example

. with the development of national economy, the level of national productivity and the level of urbanization have been further improved. However, a large number of unit communities in the city are difficult to meet the daily life needs of community residents due to their old facilities, internal poverty and the gathering of elderly population. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out research on the Optimization Countermeasures of space and governance of unit communities, In order to promote the sustainable development of the city. However, the current domestic research on the direction of unit community space mainly discusses from the perspectives of land use, community space form, service facilities, transportation system, residential landscape, etc., but there is still a lack of discussion on the optimization of unit community space and community management. Taking xinguidong community in Chengdu as an example, this paper puts forward the concept of "complete community" by optimizing the space and management of the unit community, and integrates it with the "harmony" of living, so as to build an overall "harmonious community", and use the method of building a safe and healthy unit, The three-level urban public space system of large open block, middle prevention and control residential area and small isolation group has been established, which combines emergency response with normal prevention and control, and makes xinguidong community a typical case of high-quality, harmonious and livable living community in Chengdu.


General situation of units and communities in Chengdu
Unit community is an important component of the planning era, it is the main activity of the people, it has relatively stable social ties and better neighborhood ties [1] 。 However, with the disintegration of planned economy, urban space reconstruction, insufficient management of unit community, and the hybridization, filtration and residue of population within the community, the community facilities are old, the internal poverty and the elderly population gather [2] 。With the rapid development of the city and the residential demand of community residents, this kind of unit community needs to manage and optimize the community space.
Through data collection and field investigation, it is found that during the 1960s and 1980s, a large number of new and large-scale expansion of workers' dormitories were built and expanded in Chengdu, mainly in the East and North, namely "Machinery City" and "iron half city", respectively. Later, with the deepening of reform and development and the transformation of economic system, the unit communities in Chengdu began to disintegrate or decline. At the same time, before the end of welfare housing distribution in 80-98,Some small and medium-sized units and communities (mainly business type and administrative type) are still being built. These units and communities still occupy a large number of regional space, and most of them are distributed in the second ring road of the city, and have obvious concentration trend. They belong to the main type of community. Moreover, most of the old unit communities within the Third Ring Road of Chengdu have the following problems (Table 1) Table 1 the current situation of the built environment of the old units in the Third Ring Road of the  main city of Chengdu  Built  environment Current situation of built environment present situation of land use ① Of course, there are many types of land use;② At present, the spatial distribution of land use is unreasonable;③ The residential density is high, at the same time, the population density is large, resulting in space congestion Current situation of road traffic ① At present, the road network system has not been formed, which makes the connection degree low, and finally leads to the extremely low accessibility of public transport;② At present, there is a lack of relevant parking facilities, and the phenomenon of road occupation is serious;③ People and vehicles are mixed, road cleanliness is low and lack of greening, road environment is poor Current situation of public facilities ① The number is large, but the actual walking accessibility is low;② Its function is relatively single and its attraction is poor;③ Old facilities and poor environment;

Current situation of open space
① Lack of open space and its supporting facilities;② Fitness equipment is few in quantity, single in type and poor in quality;③ The use of space is chaotic, the occupancy rate is high, and the environment is poor 2. Sorting out relevant community governance policies

national community governance policy
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to the work of community governance. The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that we should implement citizen autonomy in urban and rural areas and build a new society with orderly management, civilization and harmony.In the speech of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it is clearly pointed out that the urban and rural communities will be gradually built into an orderly management, complete service, harmonious and civilized social life system.After that,The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed to further strengthen rural and rural services, and bring rural and rural community work into "social management to strengthen and transform".Since then, in the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was further proposed that social governance must be strengthened so as to realize the sound development of orderly government governance, proper social regulation and orderly community autonomy.
It is the first time that the State Council's opinions on urban and rural governance are classified into urban and rural governance.Rural community is an important part of rural community governance."Community governance is closely related to the party's principles, principles and the interests of the masses, and is the harmony and stability of rural grass-roots society."Subsequently, the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, the Ministry of civil affairs, the Ministry of natural resources and other relevant ministries and commissions have issued relevant policies, so as to shift the focus of social governance down and further improve the governance effect on the community.

community governance policies in Chengdu
Chengdu municipal Party committee and government attach great importance to community governance. On September 2, 2017, Chengdu established the first municipal social work committee, which clearly pointed out that it is necessary to change the development and governance mode of mega cities as soon as possible, establish the national core city management system, and strengthen the construction of high-quality, harmonious and livable communities.meanwhile,It further discusses the management of urban and rural communities.The first provincial rural grassroots Management Council of Sichuan Province was formally established on January 3, 2019 [9] In order to promote the further improvement of urban and rural community governance system, we should form a five level community governance system of province city district street community in Chengdu.
Chengdu is in the transition period from urban society to community society, and the focus of government work has shifted from big cities to small towns. Therefore, it is urgent to "community development" to promote the improvement of urbanization level.Therefore, the local government has formulated many policies,For example, the guidelines on how to promote the development of urban and rural communities and build a harmonious and livable community [11] , the master plan for the development and governance of urban and rural communities in Chengdu (2018-2035), and the guiding opinions on further promoting the development of urban and rural communities in Chengdu and building a harmonious and livable living community [12] .

overview of new Guidong community
This project is mainly for the community construction planning of xinguidong community in Guihu street of Xindu District in the next three years. The community scope extends to Rongdu Avenue in the East, shengyuting Lane in the west, Guihu East Road in the north and Xintai West Road in the south, covering an area of about 87 hectares. The key research scope of this project is shown in Figure 2.The current public service facilities in the study area include the sports complex transformed by the old court, the May Fourth Party mass activity center, day care, Tianfu home, etc;The current schools mainly include Jiajia kindergarten and other kindergartens;The current open space mainly includes people's Square, sports ground and parking lot.

current situation of community space
(1) Service facilities: kindergartens, vegetable markets and community livelihood and commerce are built to meet the demand;There are four empty buildings in the East;The functions of Guidong community service center, community service center and community construction center overlap;The openness of community service centers is extremely poor,There is a phenomenon of isolation from community health service center, children's sports center and community building center, which leads to the relative decentralization of community service function.
(2) Infrastructure: there is no garbage classification in the community, and there is no recycling point for renewable resources;The parking space is relatively insufficient, and there is a phenomenon that vehicles occupy the sidewalk;The community has a volunteer service system based on "time bank", but it lacks a complete intelligent community service platform.
(3) Public space: there is an open square in the community, which can meet the needs of residents' daily public activities;Community sports venues, mainly a basketball court and four table tennis courts, can basically meet the needs of residents' sports activities;The courtyard space is equipped with children's activity venues;In the last round of renovation, new parking lots were built, but the parking spaces in the courtyard were still slightly insufficient,The problem of random parking of motor vehicles is put forward;The public space of many corridors is occupied by individuals for a long time.

current situation of community governance
(1) Governance system: the community Party committee plays a good role, and the current selforganization incubation mechanism works well;At the same time, there are many self-organization, including Sanxiang calligraphy and painting club, pioneer maintenance team, etc;At present, the public welfare facilities inside the community are relatively perfect, which can encourage residents to organize community activities and cultivate the community spirit;Community is a long-term communication platform,However, there is a problem that the enthusiasm of residents and businesses to participate in affairs is low;Activities suitable for all ages need to be further explored.
(2) Operation mode: the sources of community funds include government project funding, residents' self financing and sponsorship contributions. Among them, the government project funding is relatively stable, and the uncertainty of residents' self financing and corporate sponsorship is high;Koala house, pottery studio and other public spaces with the nature of community public welfare, usually have a small flow of people,Although this kind of community space for wombat children to participate in community activities needs to be improved;The participants are mainly middle-aged and elderly people, and the suitable formats for young groups need to be explored.

introduction of "complete community"
The concept of "complete community" was originally proposed by Mr. Wu Liangyong in the 2010 World Expo Forum "housing, complete community, harmonious society" [13] In his speech, he pointed out: "people centered, people-oriented, human survival as the fundamental, and peopleoriented, based on the interests of the masses, to plan and build the community. In addition to housing construction, it is also necessary to optimize service management, public security management, health optimization, education improvement, traffic construction, cultural and entertainment construction, etc.The reform process is a process of reasonable development of software and hardware, and should be a whole community.The construction of "complete community" not only includes the environment built by "hardware" basic life, but also includes the construction of "software" such as safety, education, medical treatment, leisure and entertainment. It needs to provide perfect community services while building a beautiful living environment.
Based on the analysis of the concept of "complete community", combined with the Optimization Countermeasures of community space and governance, the complete community design should realize that the built-up environment and community construction complement each other. The builtup environment is the "hardware" in the concept of complete community, and the community construction can be regarded as the "software" construction.Based on the design and implementation of livable environment by Sichuan Provincial Government [14] According to the classification of community standards, there are mainly "about, three improvements, five standards, and six (see Table  2 for details). On this basis, a complete community standard of Guidong is formed, which focuses on the construction of" hardware "and sustainable" software " (Table 1).

design framework of new Guidong "complete community"
According to the requirements of the National Forum on housing and rural work in January 2020, we should focus on creating a beautiful ecology and a happy home, and promote the establishment of "complete community".We should adhere to the theme of "joint creation" and focus on improving rural and rural living conditions,The combination of "co creation", "beautiful city construction" and "beautiful countryside construction" can promote the overall development, and then gain the experience of "complete community", improve the infrastructure construction, public service, create a suitable residential area, and create a community culture with regional characteristics.Promote the construction of a harmonious, harmonious, harmonious and harmonious social management system.The overall planning framework of the new Guidong "complete community" building is centered on "co creation and the whole society", which is composed of built environment and community construction. The built environment is the "hardware" (complete service facilities, perfect infrastructure and pleasant public space) of the whole age,Community building is a sustainable "software" (effective governance system, long-term operation mode) (Figure 2).
The design framework of new Guidong "complete community" takes the government, planners, social organizations and the masses as the main body, takes three types of "hardware" and two types of sustainable "software" as the starting points, and reasonably builds a community platform to promote the working mode of community collusion, co construction, joint evaluation and sharing,We should find problems, find resources, describe vision, space construction, cultural activities, organization construction, system construction, community construction, and combine all achievements with community governance, so as to build a high-quality, civilized, harmonious and livable community.

"New community governance" in Guidong
Compared with the standard of "complete community" of new Guidong community, the new Guidong community has not reached the standard in the smart community system and slow traffic system, and the rest have reached or basically reached the standard. The overall effect of community governance is good, and there is still something to be improved .The new Guidong community needs to be based on "building a complete community together" and taking the all-round and healthy development of people as the foundation,Focus on healthy, ecological and intelligent construction, take health, ecology, CO governance and wisdom as the connotation, combine with home life, ecological green space, fitness, reading and communication, leisure and entertainment, medical and nursing education, and build a high-quality, harmonious and livable community with a sense of security, belonging, comfort and future.

Optimization Countermeasures of public space system under the goal of "complete community governance"
According to the latest research, urban and rural "safety and health unit" [15] The construction of public space system is a "three-level" space control system with large, medium and small areas as the center, so as to meet the various needs during the "anti epidemic" period, and establish a community level public service system (Xinxin market, Zirui market, new Guidong community service center, May Fourth Party and masses Service Center), and community level public health service system (community comprehensive public health service center),Community level public evacuation space, emergency shelter (New Guidong community service center, Yuting Zhengde school, vocational and technical school, insurance school, etc.).Daily, around the basic elements of public services;During the period of major disasters and infectious diseases prevention and control, disaster prevention and medical care are the center (as shown in Figure 4).

Conclusion
There are many successful experiences in community governance of new Guidong community. For example, the party building has become a solid force for community governance, a beautiful environment has become a harmonious base for community life, public space has become a shared carrier of community quality, cultural identity has become the value orientation of community construction, and Co construction and co governance has become the conscious action of community residents,However, there is still a certain gap between the high-quality, harmonious and livable community with a sense of security, belonging, comfort and future.The construction of the three-level urban space system of large open block, middle prevention and control residential area and small isolation group is a model of constructing high-quality residential quarters in Chengdu.
At present, the anti epidemic and disaster prevention work at the community level has become an important part of community governance. The new epidemic situation has brought great challenges to the Optimization Countermeasures of community space and governance of typical units in Chengdu, represented by new Guidong. It is necessary to effectively connect the large open blocks of the city and small isolated groups of unit communities in the space system through street scale prevention and control residential areas,Strengthen the community's ability of anti epidemic and disaster prevention.At present, Xinguan epidemic situation is still in the process of dynamic change. The community space and governance of Chengdu units need to rely on the "safety and health unit" to adjust and optimize the Countermeasures in real time, so as to form a public space system combining emergency response and normal prevention and control in the future.