6th International Symposium on Economics, Management, and Sustainable Development (EMSD 2025)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

December 30-31, 2025 | Hangzhou City, China
Editors: Sandy Karsten, Qing Liu
ISBN: 979-8-89183-214-5
ISSN: 2688-9323 (Print), ISSN: 3080-2792 (Online)

Preface

The volume is the collection of papers presented as the 6th International Symposium on Economics, Management, and Sustainable Development (EMSD 2025), which was held on December 30-31, 2025 in Hangzhou City, China. It was co-organized by Suzhou Branch of Zewang Investment Co., Ltd. and Hubei Yanxue Boke Cultural Communication Co., Ltd.

The aim of EMSD 2025 is to provide a platform for accountants, financial industry practitioners, scholars, managers and graduate students from different cultural backgrounds to present and discuss research, developments and innovations in all fields of Economics, Management, and Sustainable Development. It provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration.

All full paper submissions to the EMSD 2025 could ONLY be written in English, and will be sent to 2-3 reviewers and evaluated based on originality, technical or research content or depth, correctness, relevance to conference, contributions, and readability. EMSD 2025 received 97 manuscripts. The Committees of EMSD 2025 invested great efforts in reviewing the papers submitted to the conference and organizing the sessions to enable the participants to gain maximum benefit.

Conference Organizing Committees

Hangzhou, China