A Review of Fluid Animation Simulation in CG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54691/kqxsqh02Keywords:
Fluid Simulation; Data-Driven Methods; Physics-Based Methods; Hybrid Simulation; Computer GraphicsAbstract
Fluid simulation stands as a cornerstone technology in modern computer graphics, underpinning advancements in film and television production, interactive game development, and immersive virtual reality (VR) experiences. Its core mission is to digitally replicate the intricate natural motions of fluids—including liquids, gases, and their interactions—while striking a critical balance between computational efficiency, high visual realism, and artistic controllability. Propelled by rapid developments in parallel computing hardware and artificial intelligence algorithms, fluid simulation has evolved into three dominant technical paradigms: data-driven methods, physics-based methods, and hybrid approaches that merge the strengths of the first two. This review comprehensively synthesizes key research findings from domestic and international scholars across these paradigms, delving into progress in method optimization, scenario-specific applications, and technical evaluation systems. It systematically summarizes the unique strengths and inherent limitations of each approach, dissects pressing current challenges such as poor cross-scene generalization, excessive computational costs, and inadequate adaptation to extreme scenarios, and outlines prospective future research directions. By doing so, this review aims to provide a valuable theoretical and practical reference for researchers and practitioners in related fields.
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