Study on Urban-rural Differences in the Choice of Insurance Participation Grades of Urban and Rural Residents' Basic Endowment Insurance under the Urban-rural Dual Structure: Based on Yangzhou

Abstract

Against the backdrop of advancing urban-rural integration and deepening population aging, the basic pension insurance system for urban and rural residents is shifting from "quantitative expansion" to "qualitative improvement". To analyze the differences in the choice of insurance premium grades between urban and rural residents and solve the problem of "low-grade lock-in" among rural residents, this paper takes three districts and counties in Yangzhou, namely Hanjiang, Jiangdu and Gaoyou as research objects. By adopting the multi-stage stratified random sampling method, surveys were conducted among urban and rural insured residents and grassroots social security administrators, obtaining 250 valid questionnaires and 32 interview records. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were carried out using SPSS 26.0. The results show that there are significant differences in the choice of insurance premium grades between urban and rural residents in Yangzhou. 67.2% of rural residents choose the minimum grade of 300 yuan, with only 12.4% willing to upgrade, showing an obvious feature of "low-grade lock-in"; more than 80% of urban residents choose medium and high grades, with an upgrade willingness of 58.9%. Household per capita disposable annual income and policy cognition have an extremely significant positive impact on the choice of insurance premium grades; education level, household registration type and digital operation ability have a significant positive impact, while age has a significant negative impact. On this basis, this paper puts forward optimization paths from four aspects: income improvement, precise policy transmission, service equalization and optimized treatment incentives, so as to provide empirical support and decision-making reference for Yangzhou to improve the urban and rural residents’ pension insurance policy and promote the substantive equalization of the social security system.