Reservoir Characteristics and Controlling Factors of the Fan Delta Front: A Case Study of the Lower Permian Wuerhe Formation in the Wuxia Area

Abstract

This study focuses on the Lower Permian Wuerhe Formation in the Wuxia area of the Junggar Basin, analyzing the sedimentary characteristics, diagenetic processes, and their controlling factors on the reservoir quality of the fan delta front. Through core observation, well log analysis, and seismic attribute inversion, the main sedimentary facies types were identified, including subaqueous distributary channel facies, mouth bar facies, interdistributary bay facies, and sheet sand facies. Their spatial distribution and vertical evolution were thoroughly characterized. The study found that the subaqueous distributary channel facies is the primary development zone of high-quality reservoirs, featuring high porosity and permeability. Diagenetic processes significantly impact reservoir properties, with dissolution enhancing porosity and permeability, while compaction and cementation reduce reservoir quality. By analyzing the interaction between sedimentation and diagenesis, this study identifies key factors controlling reservoir development and proposes corresponding hydrocarbon exploration strategies. This research provides theoretical support for the exploration and development of hydrocarbon resources in the Junggar Basin and offers directions for future in-depth studies.