International Capital Flows and Dynamic Changes in Pfizer Stock Prices: A Long-term Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v38i.3782Keywords:
US dollar index, Pfizer, Multinationals, VAR, ARMA-GARCHX.Abstract
The stock and exchange rate markets play central roles in domestic and international trade. Since volatility of either one of them can bring significant impact to any business. It is essential to find how changes in exchange rate influence the stock market so that policymakers can build appropriate regulations to boost the national stock market, and investors may invest by taking the minimum risk. This paper selects the stock of a well-known multinational firm, Pfizer, and the US dollar index from October 27, 2005, to September 5, 2019. It applies the ADF test to validate the stationarity of the sample data, the VAR model with IRF to investigate whether the increasing exchange rate brings a positive effect on Pfizer's stock return or not, and the ARMA-GARCHX model to study whether the volatility of exchange rate is significant to changes of Pfizer's stock return in the long run. The study's findings indicate that the exchange rate volatility does not have a long-term relationship with Pfizer's stock price.
Downloads
References
Gihen S. Is there a world of currency? If so, what is it? Investopedia, 2022: [2022-09-01]. https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/08/is-there-a-world-currency.asp
Tzanetos G. What is the U.S. dollar index? Bankrate, 2022: [2022-09-01]. https://www.bankrate.com/investing/what-is-us-dollar-index-usdx/
Wikipedia.Pfizer. 2022:[2022-09-01]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfizer
Channelcheck. What sectors do best with a strong dollar?2022:[2022-09-01]. https://www.channelchek.com/news-channel/What_Sectors_Do_Best_With_a_Strong_Dollar_
Jorion P. The exchange-rate exposure of US multinationals. Journal of business, 1990: 331-345.
Bartram S M, Bodnar G M. The exchange rate exposure puzzle. Managerial Finance, 2007.
Itagaki T. The theory of the multinational firm under exchange rate uncertainty. Canadian Journal of Economics, 1981: 276-297.
Bergbrant M C, Campbell K, Hunter D M. Firm‐Level Competition and Exchange Rate Exposure: Evidence from a Global Survey of Firms. Financial Management, 2014, 43(4): 885-916.
Amihud Y. Exchange rates and the valuation of equity shares. Exchange rates and corporate performance, 1994, 11: 49-59.
Choi J J, Prasad A M. Exchange risk sensitivity and its determinants: a firm and industry analysis of US multinationals. Financial Management, 1995: 77-88.
Ajayi R A, Mougouė M. On the dynamic relation between stock prices and exchange rates. Journal of Financial Research, 1996, 19(2): 193-207.
Bernard H J, Galati G E B. III. Special feature: The co-movement of US stock markets and the dollar. BIS Quarterly Review, 2000.
Bahmani-Oskooee M, Sohrabian A. Stock prices and the effective exchange rate of the dollar. Applied economics, 1992, 24(4): 459-464.
Ajayi R A, Friedman J, Mehdian S M. On the relationship between stock returns and exchange rates: tests of Granger causality. Global finance journal, 1998, 9(2): 241-251.
Granger C W J, Huangb B N, Yang C W. A bivariate causality between stock prices and exchange rates: evidence from recent Asianflu. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 2000, 40(3): 337-354.
Eastmoney homepage. [2022-09-01]. https://choice.eastmoney.com/
Investment. 2022: [2022-09-01]. https://cn.investing.com/indices/usdollar-historical-data.






