Transformational Exemplary Leadership Practices of Females: Challenges and Prospects

Abstract

This study explored the challenges faced by female leaders in four Jiangsu Province universities, as perceived by teachers, aiming to enhance high-quality college development. It identified hindering factors and proposed development directions for female leaders. A descriptive comparative-correlational approach was used, examining relationships and differences between variables with validated instruments modified for this study. Semi-structured interviews gathered data from key informants about their experiences, attitudes, and beliefs related to leadership practices. Statistical tools used included frequency count, percentage, weighted mean calculation, ranking, standard deviation, Spearman’s rho Correlation Analysis, Mann-Whitney U Test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results indicated that diverse respondent backgrounds provided a comprehensive understanding of female leadership effectiveness in Jiangsu. Generally positive ratings suggested effective leadership qualities in higher education. Demographic factors like sex and marital status significantly influenced vision inspiration. Challenges included work-family conflict, biases, and gender role expectations, but progress in gender equality and career opportunities was noted. Institutions were advised to support work-life balance, promote gender equality, foster inclusive leadership, and develop programs to address biases and stereotypes.