Exploration on the Application and Practice of Marx's classic theory of Residual Value Based on The Perspective of Modern "Unmanned Factory"

Abstract

The high production efficiency and low number of workers of the unmanned factory production model have increased some scholars' misunderstanding of Marx's theory of surplus value. The main body of this essay is the unmanned factory. The full text takes Marx's theory of surplus value as the theoretical basis. It conducts a historical exploration of the unmanned factory in different eras, and discusses the production relationship of the unmanned factory and staffing information. When discussing the source of surplus value in unmanned factories, it is considered that there are two labor methods, "human labor" and "intellectual labor", but the labor methods are different, and both labor methods can generate value. In fact, the surplus value of unmanned factories comes from three aspects: one is to squeeze the unnecessary labor of workers in human labor; the other is to squeeze the intellectual labor of scientific researchers that condensed into commodities; From the perspective of surplus value, unmanned factories seek high profits from the difference between the social average product value and the value of individual products produced efficiently. Therefore, Marx's theory of surplus value is applicable to unmanned factories, and the production machines of unmanned factories cannot create value. And it can be seen that the degree of exploitation of workers by capitalists under the unmanned factory mode has not weakened. At the same time, the impact of the unmanned factory model on workers is drawn, that is, the labor value of workers is degraded.