Global Financial Crisis: Cause, Impact and Response

Abstract

The subprime crisis is a financial calamity brought on by subprime mortgage companies going bankrupt, investment funds being forced to close, and major stock market shocks. At the start of this century, the US stock market, real estate market, and other asset markets experienced a number of asset bubbles due to excess liquidity, house purchase policy stimulus, financial innovation, and other factors. Along with the tightening of monetary policy, the weakening of the US housing market, and particularly the rise in short-term interest rates, the interest rate for repaying subprime mortgages surged considerably. At the same time, buyers find it challenging to sell their homes or refinance utilising mortgage housing because to the ongoing cooling of the housing market. Due to the failure of many subprime borrowers to make scheduled loan repayments and the failure of banks to sell their properties at high prices, which resulted in significant losses, the subprime crisis was directly caused by these events. Most people agree that the absence of a mechanism for financial monitoring was a major factor in the crisis. The United States has accelerated the adoption of neo liberal economic policies during the past three decades, which is one of the primary causes. However, more than ten years after the United States stabilised the financial system through monetary, fiscal, financial, and other measures, the global economy has been hit considerably more severely and has not yet fully emerged from the shadow of the crisis.